Loom for weaving pile fabric.



No. 762,528. PATENT ED JUNE 14, 1904. W. G. HARTLEY. LOOM FOR WEAVINGPILE FABRIC.

APPLIOATION FILED F313. 2, 1904. N0 MODEL.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No. 762,528- PATBNTED JUNE 14, 1904.

W. G. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILB FABRIC.

APPLIOATIOH nun FEB. 2, 1904. no mopnn. 3 sums-sum 2.

WWW EfiAQ LQM No. 762,528. PATENTED JUNE 14, 1904.

W. G. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED ma. 2; 1904.

no MODE-L 3 snnn'rs-snsma.

Patented June 14, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM G. HARTLEY, AMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR. BY

DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO HARTLEY LOOP WEAVE COM- PANY, OFAMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 762,528, dated June 14,1904.

Application filed February 2, 1904.

To (All w/tom it puny concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM G. HARTLEY, a resident of Amesbury, in thecounty of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Looms for l/Veaving Pile Fabric; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the char- 1 actors of reference marked thereon, which form a partof this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving pile fabric,and has for its object an improved construction of mechanism for formingloops over pile-Wires, which mechanism may be used for Weaving any pilefabric, but is adapted more particularly for use in weaving carpeting.

One of the features of this invention is the manner of carrying thepile-threads over the pile-wires, which is done by guide-wires set inbetween the pile-threads, which Wires are so arranged that they areoperated automatically to engage and press the pile-threads first to oneside and then to the other of the pile-wire and at the same timetoengage and press the pile-wire in the opposite direction to that ofthe thread and carry said pilethreads alternately first one side andthen the 3 other, forming loops over said pile-wire. By pressing thepile-wire to one side and in the opposite direction to that of thepile-threads the amount of lateral motion of the pile-th reads isproportionally reduced.

The invention consists of other novel features and parts andcombinations of the same, as will be fully described hereinafter andthen pointed out in the appended claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is 4 represented in theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

Figure 1 illustrates the pile-thread as being operated by the heddles,the view being a diagram in section showing parts of the loom and therelative position of the new device to the usual parts looking in thedirection of Serial No. 191,647. We model.)

one end of the loom. Fig. 2 is a front view showing a portion of theframe with my im- 5 proved device attached thereto, showing thelaterally-reciprocating bar for operating the guide-wires. Fig. 3 is anenlarged detail of one of the pile-wires and guide-bars, showing theguide-wire in the relative position thereto. Fig. 4 is an end view ofthe pile-wire and the guide-bar. Fig. 5 is a detailed plan view of thesliding bar, the fingers of which engage and move the guide-wires. Fig.6 is a sectional end view of the same. Fig. 7 is a top view of a seriesof pile-wires, taken on line 7 7 of Fig. 3, showing the guide-bars insection and the guide-wires in position to press the pile-threads to oneside over the pile-wire and at the same time press the adjacentpile-wires 5 in the opposite direction. Fig. 8 is the same as Fig. 7with the exception that the guidewires and pile-threads set in theopposite direction to that illustrated in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is adiagrammatic view illustrating the manner 7 of operating the pile-threadby a jacquard mechanism. Fig. 10illustratestheslidingbar which engagesand operates the guide-wires as being connected to and operated by ajacquardhook.

Referring to the drawings, 1 in Fig. 1 is the usual yarn-beam thatcarries the warp-threads from which the ground fabric is woven. On thisground fabric is formed the pile-loops,

'which when out produce the velvet or plush 3O wveave a figuredcarpeting or the like the jacquard mechanism (illustrated in Figs. 9 and10) may be used in the manner hereinafter described. 9 5

At 6 is the pile-wire, one end of which lies on the woven fabric, suchend being drawn 1 down to the size of the loops desired to be formedover it. The main arm of this pilewire may be set on an angle a littleless than that of the upper shed of the ground warpthreads when open,said arm having a hump orprotuberance 13 at the bend or where the wireturns down. This hump or rounded raised portion on the pile-wire catchesthe pile-thread first in its descent and prevents the thread fromslipping back on the wrong side of the wire as it is being carried downby the heddles to form a loop over said wire. The main arm of thepile-wire is supported in position by the depending leg 7, the lower endof which leg is pivoted at 8 on shoe 9. This depending leg of thepile-wire is pivoted at its lower end, so it will more readily followthe movement of the ground or woven portion of the fabric, on which theouter end rests, as said woven portion is raised and lowered by themovement of the vertieally-reciprocating harnesses.

At 14 is a guide-bar, which is also pivoted on this shoe at 15. This barsets upright a short distance forward of the depending leg 7 and extendsup past the humped portion 13, resting loosely against the pile-wire 6QThis guide-bar is for the purpose of guiding the pile-thread andpreventing it from being carried too far to one side and over theadjacent pile-wire. It lies loosely against the pile-wire, so thepile-thread may readily pass down between it and said pile-wire. Byplacing this guide-bar forward and the guide-wire back of the dependingleg of the pile-wire and in line with the same plenty of room is leftfor the pile-thread to pass between them without binding. Thisconstruction also leaves a clear passage for the threads of thegroundwarp as they reciprocate vertically between the pile-wires. Thisis quite an essential feature in the weaving of carpeting, as largethreads are used and considerable room is needed. The upper portions ofeach of these guide-bars 14 are held loosely in a supportingbar 14,which latter bar resembles a reed in construction, the ends of saidguide-bars resting loosely between its dents; but any suitable meaus maybe employed for supporting the upper ends of these guide-bars.

I do not wish to confine myself to any partieular method of supportingand holding the ends of the pile-wire or the guide-wire, as any suitablemethod may be employed.

The shoes 9 are supported in a box or trough 12 and are locked firmly inposition therein by the locking-bar 10, that passes through the side ofthe supporting box or trough and all of said shoes. At 11 is a button ortongue pivoted to said box, which may be turned up over said locking-barto hold the same in position in said trough. This supporting trough orbox 12 passes across the loom and is fixed to the end frames.

To'carry the pile-warps 4L laterally over the pile-wires 6 first one wayand then the other in the formation of loops over said wires, Ipreferably employ a series of guide-wires 16, which wires are bent so asto have two offsets or cranks 18 and 19. The upper portion of this wire16 is pivotally held in the fixed bar 21, the extreme end being bentback at 16'over the top of this bar to prevent the wire from droppingout. Beneath the bar the wire is carried back forming the crank portion19, which portion engages the pile threads 4 and gives them theirlateral motion. After extending downward for a short distance the wireis carried forward on the other side of its pivoting center, forming thecrank portion 18, which portion engages the depending leg 7 of thepile-wire and serves at the same time to move it in the oppositedirection to that which the upper crank 19 moves the pile-threads. Thewire is then bent back to its pivoting center and extends down throughthe ground-warps and is pivoted at 17 in the plate below. As illustratedin Figs. 7 and 8, the upper crank portion 19 is engaging and pressingthe pile-thread 4 over one pile-wire while the lower crank portion 18engages and presses the adjacent pile-wire in the opposite direction, sothat the next adjacent pile-thread may more easily be passed over thesame. The depending leg of the pile-wire is made of thin flexiblematerial. It is also loosely hung at its lower end and is readilydeflected by the crank portion 18 when pressed against it. If it shouldbe so desired, the second offset portion 18 of the guide-wire may beleft off, and thus avoid engaging and pressing the pile-wire to oneside, pressing only the pilethreads by the offset 19. The pins 20" ofthis sliding bar 20 extend back on the under side of a fixed bar 21 toengage the crank portion 19 of the guide-wires, the sliding bar 20 beingheld in position to slide endwise on said fixed bar by screws 22, whichenter the fixed bar through slots 23 in said sliding bar. This bar 20 ismoved endwise in one direction by the harness-lever 24, to which it isconnected by the cord 25 over the pulley 26, which harness-lever isoperated by the dobbyhead and is for the exclusive purpose of drawingthis bar in one direction. The spring 27 is for the purpose of returningsaid bar when released by said jack-lever.

I do not wish to be confined to the exact construction shown anddescribed, as it may be varied to suit the various conditions underwhich my apparatus is operated without departing from the spirit andscope of my in- Vention.

The operation of my device is further explained,as follows: When itisdesired to weave a plain pile fabric, the pile-threads are led from thespools 5 in the rear of the loom through the harness 3, thence throughthe reed 28 to the ground fabric 29, to which latter it is secured. Thisharness 3 is actuated by a harness-lever 30 in the dobby-head to raisethe pile-threads at the required time above the pile-wires 6. Theharness-lever 24 is then called into action in the usual manner anddraws the sliding bar 20 endwise, the movement of which bar throws theupper offset portions 19 of the guide-wires over against thepile-threads at and the lower offset portion 18 over against thepile-wire,-bending it in the opposite direction and causing the threadsto be carried down on the opposite side of the pile-wires 6 and form aloop when the harness descends. On the next stroke up of the pilethread-actuating harness 3 the sliding bar 20 is released and allowed tobe carried back by the tension of the spring 27 to its inward position,causing the offsets in each guide-wire 16 to engage the opposite side ofeach adjacent pile-thread and pile-wire and press or guide saidthreadsover the next pile-wire, so they may be drawn down on theopposite side of said pile-wires, again forming a loop. By a slightmovement of these guide-wires,'whieh are placed between adjacentpilethreads, said threads are guided to be carried down alternatelyfirst on one side and then on the other of the pile-wire 6 and bounddown in the usual way by the passing of the shuttle over them. Thisthread is thus securely woven into the body of the fabric, the loopsbeing formed over the wire, said loops being carried down by the beatingup of the reciprocating reed 28 to the small end of the wire, where theyare drawn to the proper size. This sequence of motions is repeatedlymade, and a series of loops 31 of the pile-threads are formed over eachwire 6, which loops are drawn offof the front end of the wires as thecloth is drawn forward over the breast-beam 32 by the takeup motion.(Not shown.) Any number of flattened wires 6 and correspondingpilethreads 4 may be used and any number of harnesses or shuttles may beemployed, according to the style of goods desired. Only enough of theloom is shown to illustrate the operation of my invention.

The modification shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings illustrates my deviceas being actuated by a jacquard mechanism and is used when it is desiredto obtain figured work in weaving carpeting or other pile fabric. Theprinciple of using the guide-wires 16 to press the pile-threadsalternately from one side to the other of the pile-wires 6 is the samein both cases, the different-colored pile-threads used in making thefigures being called as desired in the usual way by the guide-wires overthe pile-wire 6 and down on the opposite side, forming the loops in themanner 'described above. In place of using the harnesslever 24 tooperate the sliding bar 20 I connect the same cord 25 to a jacquardhook, (see Fig. 10,) and thus operate this slide-bar 20 and theguide-wires 16 at the proper time,

the same as was done by the harness-levers in the dobby-head.

I have shown the pile-threads 4 as being operated by the harness-leversin a dobbyhead and also by a jacquard mechanism; but I do not wish toconfine myself to any particular method of operating these-piletlireads,as they may be actuated by cams or any of the various methods known tothose skilled in the art of weaving.

It will be noted that my improved mechanism for forming the loops, asbest illustrated in Fig. 2, only extends abouthalf-way up the loom-archleaving a wide space above the upper bar, 20 and the top of theharnesses, which gives ample room for the operator to use his arms andhands in drawing in the threads through the harness and to mend anybroken-down ends. This is an essential feature to the practicalmanipulation of this as well as any other class of loom and by myparticular construction is successfully accomplished. This constructionis extremely simple and practical, and by the arrangement of themechanism the parts are made very accessible. This device is notconfined to weaving of carpets alone, but may be used in weaving anyplain or figured velvet or other pile fabric.

The mechanisms for operating the different parts are not shown nordescribed, as they are all well known and no particular wayisclaimcd.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, a pilewi're over which loops areformed by the pilethreads, means for engaging the pile-wires to movethem laterally so that said pile-threads will be carried down on theopposite sides of said pile-wires forming loops over the same.

2. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, a pile Wire over which loops areformed by the pilethreads,and means for engaging the pile-wires andpile-threads simultaneously to move them each laterally and in oppositedirections to facilitate the passing of said threads over saidpile-wires.

3. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, a pilewire over which loops areformed by the pilethread, and a series of guide-wires having two offsetsor cranks, one crank arranged to engage the pile-threads and onearranged to engage the pile-wire to swing each laterally and in oppositedirections so that when said threads are carried down they will formloops over said pile-wires.

4:. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, a pilewire over which loops areformed by the pilethreads, and a guide-wire having offsets adapted tosimultaneously engage the pile-wire and pile-threads to move them inopposite direc-;

tions.

5. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, a pilewire over which loops areformed by the pile- IICT All

threads and a guide-wire pivotally hung and having two ofisets or cranksand arranged to move the pile-thread laterally in one direction, and theother arranged to move the pile-wire in the opposite direction, so thatwhen said threads are carried down they will form loops over saidpile-wire.

6. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, pilewires over which loops areformed by the pilethreads, guide wires pivot-ally hung, and meanswhereby said guide-wire is made to engage and move the pile-wireslaterally so that when said threads are carried down they will formloops over said pile-wires, said guidewires being placed between thepile-wires and the harnesses.

7. in a loom for weaving pile fabrics, a pilewire over which loops areformed by the pilethread, a series of guide-wires having two o'i'l'-sets or cranks, one crank arranged to engage the pile-threads and onearranged to engage the pile-wire and swing each laterally and inopposite directions so that when said threads are carried down they willform loops on said pile-wires, and a guide-bar by the side of eachpile-wire.

8. In a loom for weaving pile fabric, a pilewire over which loops aremade by pilethreads, a depending leg on said pile-wire, a guide-barlocated by the side of each pilewire, and a guide-wire located betweenthe pile-wires and the harnesses, means on said guide-wire for engagingand guiding or moving said pile-threads to one side so that when saidthreads are carried. down they will form loops on said pile-wire.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29 th day ofJanuary, A. l). 1904.

WILLIAM Gr. HARTLEY.

In presence of- ROBERT C. CLARK, GEORGE L. Heroes.

